Work to participate in the poster session

The neutrino oscillations phenomenon not only represents strong evidence physics beyond the Standard Model but also demonstrates that the neutrino is a massive particle. One possibility for massive neutrinos is to assume that they are particles Majorana type. The most promising process for testing this hypothesis is the neutrinoless double beta decay (0vbb). In this work we present a detailed review of the obtaining the half-life for this decay due to exchange light Majorana neutrinos . Emphasis will be placed on the effective mass of Majorana, which is the observable that provides more information about the neutrino masses and could respond to the current questions about the ordering of masses and the value of the light mass of the neutrino. In addition, will be discussed the current and future perspective of this type of decay.